Botulinum toxin is a substance produced by a type of bacterium and it has been developed into a treatment for spasticity. The toxin is diluted in order to inject it into a muscle, where it blocks the communication between nerves and the muscle. This leads to temporary weakness and relaxation of that muscle. The injection of spastic muscles with botulinum toxin is only done when the muscle overactivity is actually causing a significant problem or risk to the individual.
After damage to the brain or spinal cord, muscles can become overactive and stiff (this is known as spasticity). When this happens to a single muscle or a small group of muscles, rather than throughout the body, it is called focal (localised) spasticity. Sometimes this stiffness in a muscle can help a person to do something, such as standing when leg muscles are very weak. However, it can sometimes lead to problems, such as difficulties with daily tasks or pain. Prolonged spasticity can lead to a loss of a range of movement in a muscle.
Botulinum toxin injections are used for a number of different reasons
Botulinum toxin injections are used to help staff carry out physical treatments, such as putting a splint on. These interventions can be undertaken without the injection, but may not be as effective. Alternatively or additionally, tablet medications for spasticity can be tried on certain patients
The effects of botulinum toxin injections come on gradually and usually peak at approximately 2 weeks. They usually last for approximately 3 to 4 months, gradually wearing off.
Serious complications following botulinum toxin injections are rare, however the following have been known to occur:
If you believe you have had a serious reaction to an injection please seek urgent medical attention at the nearest Accident and Emergency Department. For less serious possible side effects please consult your GP.
If you are pregnant or think you may become pregnant, please inform the clinic team.
If you have concerns about the injection or associated treatments, or you would like to discuss the issues raised in this leaflet, please speak to the clinic team.
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